Single transformer switched mode power source efficiently and reliably powers electronic devices using a transformer, rectifier, filter, and feedback circuit.
Working Principle of Single Transformer Switched Mode Power Source
A single transformer switched mode power source (also known as an SMPS) is an efficient way to power an electronic device. It is designed to step down AC power from the main power source to the desired level. This type of power source is commonly used in consumer electronics, industrial equipment, and telecommunications applications. An SMPS consists of a transformer, rectifier, filter, and feedback circuit.
Transformer
The main purpose of the transformer is to regulate the voltage and current to the desired level. It is typically used as an isolator, meaning that it blocks alternating current (AC) and short circuits in the output circuit. The transformer is made up of two windings, one used to supply power and the other to output power.
Rectifier
The rectifier is used to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). This is done by allowing the current to flow in one direction. There are various types of rectifiers available such as full-wave, half-wave, bridge, precision, and capacitor rectifiers. The most common type of rectifier used in single transformer switched mode power sources is the bridge rectifier.
Filter
The filter is used to smooth out any ripple that may have been introduced by the rectifier. This ripple, if left unchecked, can cause undesirable effects such as noise, excess power consumption, and malfunctioning circuits. The smoothing provided by the filter is dependent on the type of filter used. Commonly used filters include, linear, high-frequency, band-stop, and low-pass filters.
Feedback Circuit
The feedback circuit, also known as the controller circuit, is responsible for providing regulation of the output voltage of the power source. This is done by comparing the desired voltage with the actual voltage, and then making adjustment to the system accordingly. This adjustment can be done through adjusting the voltage, current, frequency, or other parameters.
Conclusion
The single transformer switched mode power source is a very efficient and reliable way to power an electronic device. It consists of a transformer, rectifier, filter, and feedback circuit and is used in a wide variety of applications. The transformer is used to regulate voltage and current to the desired level, the rectifier is used to convert AC to DC, the filter is used to smooth out any ripple left by the rectifier, and the feedback circuit is used to provide regulation of the output voltage.